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Consent Mode

A feature that helps advertisers including those operating in the European Economic Area (EEA) and the United Kingdom (UK) communicate and respect user consent choices in line with evolving regulations (see our EU User Consent Policy), while continuing to optimize the quality of their conversion data.

Consent mode allows you to communicate your users’ consent choices made on consent banners to Google tags or SDK so that they can adjust their behaviour accordingly. This allows you to respect user privacy choices when measuring conversions and remarketing users.

Moreover, Consent mode enables modeling to retrieve ad-click-to-conversion journeys lost due to unconsented users. This provides you with a more representative view of your performance, so that you can make efficient campaign optimisation and bidding decisions while always respecting your user’s consent choices.

Starting in 2024, Consent mode (or TCF) is required to keep using measurement, ad personalization, and remarketing features for users based in EEA.The requirements also apply if you are using Google Analytics data with a Google service.

What are we solving for?

Enforcement of the EU User Consent Policy requirements: In 2024, we are strengthening enforcement of our policy. Advertisers must pass and respect consent signals in order to retain audiences and measurement features for EEA users with Google.

Performance impact: users declining consent can lead to a drop in measurement conversions which can lead to less confidence in bidding and optimization.

How it works

User navigates to your website

1. User navigates to your website/app and indicates consent status through a consent banner.

Consent mode

2. Consent mode will communicate user consent status for the different parameters to the Google tags/SDK.

User consents

3. When the user consents to all, Google will observe data as normal. When the user does not consent to one or more parameters, the relevant Google tags/SDK will either adjust their behavior to respect user consent choices (with the Advanced implementation of Consent mode) or stay entirely blocked (with the Basic implementation of Consent mode).

Modeling

4. Thanks to modeling, Google surfaces the most accurate data in your account to enable better reporting and optimization.

Ensure successful implementation

  • EEA presence: Consent mode should be implemented by customers with traffic in the EEA and/or the UK. See our EU User Consent Policy for more information on the requirements.
  • Consent banner that respects user choices: Consent mode is a mechanism for respecting the consent choices that a user makes on a website or within an app. Therefore, before implementing Consent mode customers must implement consent banners, ideally via a CMP partner for ease of integration.
  • Sitewide tagging: To implement Consent mode you must either use Google tag or Google Tag Manager (web) or Google Analytics for Firebase SDK (apps). Legacy tags are not supported.

What is changing with the upgraded Consent mode (v2)?

Consent mode communicates consent status for different parameters to the Google tags/SDK. Consent mode v1 communicated consent status (‘'granted'’ / ‘'denied'’) for two parameters controlling the usage of cookies (for web) and of device ID (for app) for analytics and advertising purposes: analytics_storage and ad_storage. The upgraded Consent mode (v2) communicates, in addition to analytics_storage and ad_storage, another two parameters which control the usage of user data for advertising and personalization: ad_user_data and ad_personalization. For each parameter Consent mode will communicate a ''granted''or ''denied'' value to the Google Tags via the gcd and gcs fields.

Starting in March 2024, this upgraded Consent mode (v2) (or TCF v2.2) is required in order to keep using ad personalization and remarketing features for users based in EEA. However, if you already have implemented Consent mode v1 and don’t use ad personalization and remarketing features, you don’t need to upgrade: in March 2024, your consent status (‘'granted'’ / ‘'denied'’) associated with ad_storage will be automatically mapped to ad_user_data; and ad_personalization will always be set as ‘'denied'’. All new implementations should be Consent mode v2 irrespective of whether you use ad personalization/remarketing features.

Consent mode v1 v2

How does it work with Ads products?

Three of the Consent mode parameters impact Advertising use cases: ad_storage, ad_user_data and ad_personalization. analytics_storage does not impact ads use cases that don’t involve exports from Google Analytics.

The ad_storage parameter controls the collection of advertising data via advertising cookies for web and collection of device ID for Apps.

The ad_user_data parameter controls whether the user data collected can be sent to Google for advertising purposes, including for measurement and audience use cases. In order for measurement features to be enabled in advertising platforms, consent for ad_user_data must be ‘'granted'’. In order for audience features to be enabled in advertising platforms, both ad_user_data and ad_personalization must be ‘'granted'’.

How does it work with Google Analytics?

analytics_storage controls whether analytics cookies can be used for web data and whether app instance ID can be collected for app data. To allow for behavioral measurement in Google Analytics when Consent mode is implemented, analytics_storage must be ‘'granted'’.

Remarketing with Google Analytics audience sharing requires ad_storage, ad_user_data, and ad_personalization to be ‘'granted'’.

Ad measurement in Google Analytics and conversion export to Ads and GMP require ad_user_data to be ‘'granted'’. ad_storage also needs to be ‘'granted'’ to enable app-based conversion attribution and export.

User consent choices and tags

Basic Consent mode modeling in Google Ads

With the Basic implementation, if a user denies consent, the tags will never unblock, no data will be collected and no conversion will be measured for that user.

Our modeling allows you to retrieve more accurate conversion rate by:

  1. Estimating the number of unconsented users, using the number of ad clicks and consented users which are observable.
  2. Using the conversion rate of consented users to model the conversion rate of unconsented users: by extrapolating the behavior observed in the consented space to the unconsented space and applying a general factor to the unconsented space to take into account the impact of consent bias on conversion rate (we find that unconsented users are 2-5 times less likely to convert than consented users).
Basic Consent mode modeling in Google Ads
Advanced Consent mode
Advanced Consent mode modeling

Considerations

Who should use Consent mode?

Primarily using Google Ads

Primarily using Google Ads, SA360 or DV360 for conversion tracking
Basic & Advanced Consent mode will allow conversion modeling for lost conversions due to unconsented users in Google Ads, SA360 and DV360 to optimize bidding performance.

Primarily using Google Analytics

Primarily using Google Analytics 4 for conversion tracking
Advanced Consent mode will allow modeling for lost conversions due to unconsented users in the GA4 UI as well as enabling Behavioural modeling in GA4 UI.
With Basic & Advanced Consent mode, exported conversions from GA4 into Google Ads, SA360 or DV360 will benefit from the conversion modeling of these platforms for lost conversions due to unconsented users to optimize bidding performance.

Implementation paths decision tree

Implementation paths decision tree

Manual implementation steps

Add three lines of code alongside the standard gtag.js or Tag Manager snippet.

1. Configure default tag behavior
Call one line of code above your standard gtag.js or Google Tag Manager snippet to define whether ad_storage and analytics_storage should be '’granted’' or '’denied’' when the tags first run. Developers may need to dynamically adjust the values based on consent from previous pages.

2. Update tag behavior
Call one more line of code when consent is updated, e.g. after a visitor grants or denies consent. This allows your tags to ‘listen’ to the user’s consent choice when clicking on the banner.

3. Unblock tags/SDK (only for Advanced Consent mode)
Unblock tags/SDK so that they can fire cookieless pings for unconsented users, respecting their consent status. This will help improve conversion modeling accuracy.

4. Enable URL_Passthrough (optional)
If enabled, ad click identifiers (e.g. GCLID) will be appended by your tags to the URL. This line can be added above the snippet with the ‘default’ line or as part of the existing snippet. Make sure to test to ensure this works well with your site.

5. Enable ads_data_redaction (optional)
If enabled, ad click identifiers sent in network requests by Google Ads and Floodlight tags (e.g. GCLID) will be redacted when a user denies consent to ad_storage.

Additional details: Manage consent settings (web), Manager consent settings (app)

Key Terms

Ad Click

An ad click is the action that occurs when a user clicks on a Google ad. When someone clicks an ad, Google Ads counts that as a click. Each click represents a user taking an action. In many but not all cases, that action is directing a user to the advertiser website.

ad_personalization

Once Consent mode v2 is implemented, advertisers will pass a''granted''or ''denied'' value for the parameter called ad_personalization, which controls whether ads personalization i.e. remarketing can be enabled for that user. If a user does not provide consent for ad_personalization, Google tags/SDK will disable the following features from receiving data: Remarketing in Google Ads, Display & Video 360, Search Ads 360 and personalized advertising with Google's advertising products. Read more.

ad_storage

Once Consent mode is implemented, advertisers will pass a''granted''or ''denied'' value for the parameter called ad_storage, which controls cookie behavior for advertising purposes, including conversion measurement. If a user does not provide consent for ads cookies, Google tags will not use cookies for advertising purposes. Read more.

ad_user_data

Once Consent mode v2 is implemented, advertisers will pass a''granted''or ''denied'' value for the parameter called ad_user_data, which controls whether user data can be sent to Google for advertising purposes, including conversion measurement and audiences. If a user does not provide consent for this parameter, Google tags will not send the user data, including user_id and hashed first party data, to advertising platforms. Read more.

ads_data_redaction

With advanced Consent mode, when ad_storage is ‘'denied’', new cookies will not be set for advertising purposes. Additionally, third-party cookies previously set on google.com and doubleclick.net will not be used except for spam and fraud purposes. Data sent to Google will still include the full page URL, including any ad click information in the URL parameters. To redact the ad-click identifier when ad_storage is '’denied'’, set ads_data_redaction to true. Read more.

analytics_storage

Once Consent mode v2 is implemented, advertisers will pass a''granted''or ''denied'' value for the parameter called analytics_storage, which controls cookie behavior for analytics purposes. If a user does not provide consent for analytics cookies, Google tags will not use cookies for analytics purposes. Read more.

App Instance ID

The Google Analytics for Firebase SDK automatically generates and assigns an app-instance identifier to each instance of your app. Analytics uses the ID to identify unique installations of your app and compute user metrics. Learn more about the app-instance ID.

Collect

“Collect” means either collecting the data to store it or collecting the data to view the data. For example, if a website asks a user for their email address, this is the website collecting data from the user.

Consent Management Platform (CMP)

Consent Management Platforms (CMPs) are technology solutions that advertisers and publishers use in order to facilitate the collection of user consent. Google operates a CMP Partner Program. These CMP partners are integrated with Consent mode and Google Tag Manager, ensuring seamless implementation so you can capture valuable insights while protecting user privacy. Our CMP partners will help manage cookie consent banners and direct the consent management process which begins when a user lands on your website and makes a consent choice on a CMP banner. The CMP then communicates that choice to the Google tag via Consent mode, and the tag adjusts its behavior accordingly.

Conversions

An action that's counted when someone interacts with your ad or free product listing (for example, clicks a text ad or views a video ad) and then takes an action that you’ve defined as valuable to your business, such as an online purchase or a call to your business from a mobile phone. Read more.

Conversion modeling

Conversion modeling refers to the use of machine learning to quantify the impact of marketing efforts when a subset of conversions can’t be observed. With a modeling foundation in place, observable data can feed algorithms that also make use of historical trends to confidently validate and inform measurement. Read more.

Cookie

A cookie is a small file containing a string of characters that is sent to your computer when you visit a website. When you visit the site again, the cookie allows that site to recognize your browser. Cookies may store user preferences and other information. You can configure your browser to refuse all cookies or to indicate when a cookie is being sent. However, some website features or services may not function properly without cookies. Learn more about how Google uses cookies and how Google uses data, including cookies, when you use our partners' sites or apps.

Our advertising and measurement cookies

Device ID

The SDK has the capability to collect identifiers for mobile devices and uses technologies similar to cookies. On Android that is the Advertising ID (AdID) and on iOS that is the Advertising Identifier (IDFA).

EU User Consent Policy

This Google policy reflects certain requirements of two European privacy laws: the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the ePrivacy Directive, as well as any equivalent UK laws.

If your agreement with Google incorporates this policy, or you otherwise use a Google product that incorporates this policy, you must ensure that certain disclosures are given to, and consents obtained from, end users in the European Economic Area along with the UK. Read more.

gcd, gcs, dma, dma_cps fields

Implementation of Consent mode is translated into certain fields like gcd & gcs. These fields collectively provide information about consent states and related configuration settings. Google tag fields may be encoded to improve transmission efficiency. Tag Assistant can help you understand these fields and how your Google tag is behaving, so that you can better debug your setup.

dma and dma_cps are parameters that encode information about Google service consent. Learn more.

These fields may be subject to change as these services evolve.

GCLID/DCLID

Google Click Identifier (GCLID) and DoubleClick Click Identifiers (DCLID) are fields passed in the URL with ad clicks, to identify the campaign and other attributes of the click associated with the ad for ad tracking and campaign attribution. GCLIDs and DCLIDs are generated and assigned when a user clicks on an ad. For more details read, How Google Ads tracks website conversions and How Google uses Consent mode data. Read more.

When a user denies consent, with a Basic Consent mode implementation, the GCLID/DCLID will not be collected at all. With an Advanced Consent mode implementation, fields present in the URL (including GCLID and DCLID) may be collected in cookieless pings by default. However, these fields will not be collected in cookieless pings if the data is redacted (that is if the Consent mode setting ads_data_redaction is set to TRUE). Clients should turn to their legal teams to understand how they interpret GCLIDs.

Google Tags

Google Tag Manager, Global Site Tag (gtag.js), Floodlight, and Google Analytics. Legacy tags (conversions.js, analytics.js) are not supported.

Log

Log means to store in a database. For example, if a website asks a user for their email address and logs it in an internal database for later usage.

Purposes

The Transparency and Consent Framework (TCF) organizes data processing using “Purposes.” Each purpose has a corresponding legal basis of “Consent” or “Legitimate Interest.” Read more.

Read

“Read” means the same as view. Data or signals can be read instead of stored. For example, a website may read a signal from a user to allow cookies on the site. This allows the website to properly serve cookies to the user based on the user’s preferences or consents, but the website doesn't need to store that signal to do so.

SDK

Throughout this document “Google SDK” refers to the Google Analytics for Firebase SDK, also known as the Analytics for Firebase SDK. Read more.

Transparency and Consent Framework (TCF)

The TCF is an accountability tool that relies on standardisation to facilitate compliance with certain provisions of the ePrivacy Directive and the GDPR. It applies principles and requirements derived from these two legislative instruments to the specific context of the online industry, taking account of relevant EU-level guidance from the EDPB and national level guidance from Data Protection Authorities. Read more.

Tag Blocking

  • Unblock Tags: Fire tags. 
  • Block Tags: Don’t fire tags. 

URL_passthrough

When a user lands on your website after following an ad, information about the ad may be appended to your landing page URLs as a query parameter. In order to improve conversion accuracy, Google tags usually store this information in first-party cookies on your domain. However, if ad_storage is set to '’denied’', Google tags will not save this information locally. To improve ad click measurement quality when ad_storage is '’denied’ in advanced Consent mode', you can optionally elect to pass ad click information through URL parameters across pages. To enable this capability, set the url_passthrough parameter to true. Read more.

User Agent

Each time someone visits a website, the browser sends a "user agent string" to the website's server. This information helps the website identify the browser and its version, and the operating system you are using. This way, the website can adjust the content it sends to be displayed correctly for a given device. If the Basic version of Consent mode is implemented, user agent is only shared after a user consents.

User data

Cookies, Device ID, User ID, Hashed PII and AUID.

Write

“Write” means the same as modify/create. This means updating or making a new record of the data which is being stored. For example, if a website collects an email address from a user, it may need to write the email address into its storage, which would be the creation of a stored field. Also, if a user wishes to update the user address on file with the website, the website may write the new email address on the existing field in storage.

Learn more